There's no Head of State who is without 'Farouk' and 'Itumbi'

Recently, former Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua decried the influence and power that Farouk Kibet and Dennis Itumbi hold in President William Ruto’s administration. Against the chagrin of many Kenyans, let us understand that no president can rely solely on ministers or, in Kenya’s case, cabinet secretaries for advice on matters involving executive or discretionary powers.

These powers, ranging from executive orders, appointments, and pardons to diplomatic relations, often extend to unwritten prerogatives. The Head of State sometimes requires informal consultation to make critical decisions.

Managing dissenters and curbing the ambitions of those seeking to outshine the President requires a trusted inner circle capable of protecting the Head of State from being stripped of his power.

Every Head of State requires individuals whose political ambition does not threaten their position. While political interests often dominate administrations, a small circle of independent advisors can offer unfiltered insights. These advisors focus on facts, expertise, and the leader’s best interests rather than short-term political gains.

Politicians may prioritise immediate victories, but these advisors help leaders adopt sustainable strategies. Experienced advisors offer wisdom beyond political rhetoric during crises, ensuring stability and effective decision-making.

Moreover, trusted advisors safeguard a leader’s integrity by challenging decisions when necessary, keeping the Head of State grounded and accountable. Rumours suggest that Farouk Kibet’s ability to convince Dr Ruto exemplifies this dynamic.

The public’s concerns about Farouk and Itumbi’s roles in government should be considered from all perspectives. While Itumbi’s role is open, Farouk’s influence has long been a subject of speculation in Kenya’s political streets.

Allegations highlight Mr. Farouk’s perceived authority, despite not being on the government payroll. Politicians and officials have often expressed concerns about his outsized power and influence.

Mr Itumbi, on the other hand, gained prominence in 2012 when he allegedly hacked into the International Criminal Court’s website. As a digital strategist, he has been instrumental in Ruto’s political journey, from the Jubilee government to the 2022 presidential campaign. Many credit Itumbi’s strategies for Ruto’s electoral success.

This phenomenon of influential advisors is not new in Kenya. During Jomo Kenyatta’s regime, the “Kiambu Mafia,” comprising figures like Mbiyu Koinange and Charles Njonjo, wielded significant power. Under Daniel Arap Moi, Nicholas Biwott, known as “Total Man,” was a master strategist associated with secrecy and political manoeuvring.

Similarly, Mwai Kibaki’s presidency saw the rise of the “Mount Kenya Mafia,” including individuals like Joseph Wanjui and David Mwiraria, who were believed to have substantial sway over his administration. During Uhuru Kenyatta’s tenure, figures like Fred Matiang’i and Joseph Kinyua played pivotal roles. Often operating behind the scenes, these advisors shape decision-making processes and influence governance outcomes.

Criticism and praise have always surrounded such inner circles. Some of these advisors have been accused of misguiding leaders on crucial matters, leading to confusion and unpredictability in governance. However, their role enables swift, informed decisions without formal consultations.

Globally, the pattern persists. Donald Trump’s presidency in the United States saw figures like Steve Bannon and Susie Wiles wield significant influence. In China, Xi Jinping relies on trusted aides like Ding Xuexiang, often called his “chief of staff,” to manage daily operations and enforce directives.

In the UK, special advisors have historically played pivotal roles in shaping government policy, sometimes even issuing instructions to civil servants. These inner circles, sometimes labelled as the “spin doctors,” “special advisors,” or “deep state,” are crucial for managing crises and ensuring effective governance. However, the Head of State must ensure that advisors prioritise the nation’s interests over personal or political gain.

Sometimes, if these “special advisors” wield disproportionate influence, they can overshadow the formal decision-making processes of CSs, leading to power imbalances and even public mistrust.

That said, the effectiveness of any inner circle depends on its ability to serve the nation’s interests. While their influence may spark debate, their role in shaping governance cannot be understated.

Dr Ndonye is a senior lecturer at Kabarak University’s Department of Mass Communication.